Colonoscopy: An Essential Screening for Colorectal Cancer
Why a Colonoscopy is Important
A colonoscopy is a procedure that involves gently inserting a thin, flexible tube with a camera on the end (colonoscope) into the rectum and large intestine (colon) to view the inside of these organs and look for any abnormalities. It is the most effective way to screen for and prevent colorectal cancer, which is the third leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Colorectal cancer typically begins as small, non-cancerous growths called polyps that can form on the lining of the colon or rectum. If left untreated, these polyps can grow and become cancerous. Colonoscopies can detect and remove precancerous polyps, preventing them from developing into cancer.
When to Get a Colonoscopy
The American Cancer Society recommends that most people begin regular colonoscopies at age 45. However, those who are at higher risk of colorectal cancer, such as those with a family history of the disease, may need to start screening earlier. Your doctor will discuss your individual risk factors and recommend the appropriate screening schedule for you.
What to Expect During a Colonoscopy
Before the procedure, you will follow a special diet to clean out your colon. During the colonoscopy, you will be given medication to relax you and make the procedure more comfortable. The colonoscope will be inserted through your rectum and gently guided through your colon. The doctor will remove any polyps that are found during the exam.
The Benefits of a Colonoscopy
Colonoscopies can prevent colorectal cancer by detecting and removing precancerous polyps. They can also help diagnose other conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease and diverticulitis. By following the recommended screening guidelines, you can significantly reduce your risk of colorectal cancer and improve your overall health.
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